🔁 Day 4 — Conditional Statements (if, else, switch)

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🔁 Day 4 — Conditional Statements (if, else, switch)

Welcome to Day 4 🚀 Today we learn how to make your programs **smart** — to think, decide, and act based on conditions. Conditional statements help you execute different code blocks depending on whether something is true or false.

⚙️ 1️⃣ The if Statement

The if statement checks a condition. If it’s true, the code inside runs. 

let age = 18;
if (age >= 18) {
  console.log("You are eligible to vote.");
}

🔄 2️⃣ if...else

Use else when you want to run one block if true, another if false.

let age = 16;
if (age >= 18) {
  console.log("You can vote.");
} else {
  console.log("Sorry, you are too young to vote.");
}

🔁 3️⃣ if...else if...else

Used for multiple conditions.

let marks = 85;

if (marks >= 90) {
  console.log("Grade: A+");
} else if (marks >= 75) {
  console.log("Grade: A");
} else if (marks >= 60) {
  console.log("Grade: B");
} else {
  console.log("Grade: C");
}

🔀 4️⃣ switch Statement

The switch statement is a cleaner way to handle multiple conditions based on one variable. 

let day = 3;

switch(day) {
  case 1: console.log("Monday"); break;
  case 2: console.log("Tuesday"); break;
  case 3: console.log("Wednesday"); break;
  default: console.log("Invalid Day");
}

🧩 5️⃣ Ternary Operator

A short way to write if...else in one line. 

let age = 20;
let message = (age >= 18) ? "Adult" : "Minor";
console.log(message);

🧠 6️⃣ Practice Task

  1. Write a program to check if a number is positive, negative, or zero.
  2. Use switch to print the month name for a given number.
  3. Create a ternary expression to check if a person can drive (age ≥ 18).

🎯 Summary

Today, you learned how to control your program’s logic with conditions. Tomorrow, you’ll move into **Loops** — where your program starts repeating intelligently.

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